How a Sleeve Is Made

Primary process: Centrifugal Casting. The full route, materials, tolerances and design tips for a sleeve, with an indicative cost.

Centrifugal CastingPrimary process
CastingFamily
8Route steps
+/-0.3mmTypical tol.

A sleeve is primarily made by Centrifugal Casting. Centrifugal casting spins a mould while metal is poured, so centrifugal force throws the metal against the wall. It yields dense, sound cylindrical parts. Below is the full route to make a sleeve, the materials it suits, the tolerances to expect and the main design points. The route is free, from the finder.

Step by step

How a sleeve is made

The usual route, raw material to finished part. The amber step is where the sleeve gets its basic shape.

  1. Alloy and tooling

    Choose the casting alloy for the sleeve and make the pattern or metal die that forms the cavity.
  2. Centrifugal Casting

    Melt the metal and pour it into the mould, then let the sleeve solidify and cool.
    Tooling Medium   Tolerance ±0.25 to 1mm   Lead 2 to 6 weeks
  3. Fettling and cleaning

    Cut off the gates and risers, grind away the flash, and clean the raw casting.
  4. Machining

    Machine the mating faces, bores and datum surfaces to final tolerance: the as-cast surface is too rough for close fits.
    Tooling None   Tolerance ±0.125mm, to ±0.025mm   Lead 1 to 10 days
  5. Hole making

    Drill, ream and tap the fixing and functional holes.
    Tooling None   Tolerance ±0.05 to 0.2mm   Lead hours to days
  6. Heat treatment

    Stress-relieve or harden the sleeve to reach the strength and hardness the design needs.
    Tooling n/a   Tolerance can distort   Lead days
  7. Surface finish

    Plate, anodise or powder coat for corrosion resistance and appearance.
    Tooling Low   Tolerance adds 0.05 to 0.2mm   Lead days
  8. Inspection

    Check critical dimensions and, for any part that holds pressure, leak-test before it ships.

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Precision

Tolerances to expect

TYPICAL TOLERANCE IT CAN HOLD
+/-0.3mm typicalcoarsefine+/-1mm+/-0.1mm+/-0.01mm+/-0.005mm
Where this process typically lands. Tighter is possible with extra operations like grinding, at higher cost.
Materials

Materials for a sleeve

GradeWhy it suits this
Bronze/brassBearing surfaces
Cast ironCheap, damping
Stainless/duplexCorrosion
Design

Design tips

General pointers. The full design-for-manufacturing list for a sleeve is in the dossier.

  • Thin wall for the diameter. Respect min wall/OD ratio.
  • Specifying ID as-cast. Add machining stock.
Cost

What a sleeve should cost

Dense, sound round parts (rings, bushings, pipe); ID is machined since the inner surface is rough.

PER-PART COST vs VOLUME
one-offat volumeVolume per order, low to highCost per part
Per-part cost drops as volume spreads tooling and setup over more parts. The exact figures for a sleeve at your volume, in your currency, are in the dossier.
MODEL EST.
$265 to 750 per part at 1 off
A rough ballpark only. The dossier gives should-cost at your exact volume and currency, with the full breakdown.
GET THE FULL DOSSIER

Everything you need to quote and source it

The free route above is yours. To actually put a number on a sleeve and buy it well:

  • Should-cost at your exact volume in 12 currencies, with the material, processing, tooling and overhead breakdown
  • Who to source from, typical MOQ and lead time, and the exact RFQ checklist to send
  • A quote checker that tells you if a supplier quote is fair, and the red flags to watch
  • The full DFM list and a ready-to-send RFQ draft

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See also: How Centrifugal Casting works and the full route for a sleeve in the finder.

FAQ

Frequently asked questions

How is a sleeve made?
A sleeve is primarily made by centrifugal casting. The route is: Alloy and tooling; Centrifugal Casting; Fettling and cleaning; Machining; Hole making; Heat treatment; Surface finish; Inspection.
What does a sleeve cost?
It depends on size, tolerance and volume. As a rough ballpark it starts around $265 to 750 per part at 1 off and falls with quantity. The dossier gives should-cost at your exact volume and currency. A model estimate, not a quote.
What material is a sleeve made from?
Common choices are Bronze/brass; Cast iron; Stainless/duplex.
What is the main process for a sleeve?
Centrifugal Casting. Pipes, rings, bushings and sleeves where a dense, defect-free wall matters.
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